Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Impact Of Violence, Crime And Drugs On Poverty

Joy Jaja 200296673 Economics 280 outline. THE IMPACT OF VIOLENCE, CRIME AND DRUGS ON POVERTY IN KINGSTON JAMAICA I. Introduction A. Background Poverty serves as a motivation to commit crimes and crime has been a substantial contributing factor to poverty in Jamaica. †¢ In Kingston, Jamaica the violence that takes place is directed at the citizens of the island. According to the Jamaica Crime and Safety Report in 2014, almost 1200 murders took place in 2013. †¢ Jamaican on Jamaican violence is a very common type of violence in Kingston, although crimes rarely affect international visitors or tourists. †¢ In the event that a crime occurs against a tourist or a visitor, the affected can usually be classified into two classifications. ïÆ'˜â€ ¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ I will be providing a chart to outline the demographics of Jamaica. †¢ It will show the elements that aid the production of poverty. II. Analysis A. Development of crime in Jamaica †¢ Jamaica has issues that can be classified into three: ïÆ'Ëœ 1st phase happened in1962 and can be classified as the period when property crime was the main type of crime. ïÆ'Ëœ 2nd phase happened in the late 1970s and can be classified as the onset of crime and violence in Kingston. ïÆ'Ëœ 3rd phase happened in 1989 and can be classified as the development of crime and violence in Kingston. B. What drives crime ïÆ'Ëœ Employment and violence and crime are key elements when discussing poverty in Kingston. ïÆ'Ëœ The rate of unemployment in Kingston is very noticeable. I will be providing an outlined chart on the national employment in Jamaica. ïÆ'Ëœ The increase of unemployment and underemployment has been credited to the migration of citizens from rural areas of Kingston where little opportunitirs for employments exists. Although, this integration of citizens only added to the already compounded issue of high demand of employment. ïÆ'Ëœ Jamaica has experienced a constant increase in the number of returning deportations from other countries. ïÆ'Ëœ Kingston, Jamaica inhabits many inner city communities that are called `garrisons` which is known as the `ghetto` in this research paper. C. Deportations of criminals ïÆ'Ëœ Criminal deportations are a driving force of violence,

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Definition of Wilmot Proviso

The Wilmot Proviso was a brief amendment to a piece of legislation introduced by an obscure member of Congress that set off a firestorm of controversy over the issue of slavery in the late 1840s. The wording inserted into a finance bill in the House of Representatives would have repercussions that helped bring about the Compromise of 1850, the emergence of the short-lived Free Soil Party, and the eventual founding of the Republican Party. The language in the amendment only amounted to a sentence. Yet it would have had profound implications if approved, as it would have prohibited slavery in territories acquired from Mexico following the Mexican War. The amendment was not successful, as it was never approved by the U.S. Senate. However, the debate over the Wilmot Proviso kept the issue of whether slavery could exist in new territories in front of the public for years. It hardened sectional animosities between North and South, and ultimately helped put the country on the road to the Civil War. Origin of the Wilmot Proviso A clash of army patrols along the border in Texas sparked the Mexican War in the spring of 1846. That summer the U.S. Congress was debating a bill that would provide $30,000 to begin negotiations with Mexico and an additional $2 million for the president to use at his discretion to try to find a peaceful solution to the crisis. It was assumed President James K. Polk might be able to use the money to avert the war by simply buying land from Mexico. On August 8, 1846, a freshman congressman from Pennsylvania, David Wilmot, after consulting with other northern congressmen, proposed an amendment to the appropriations bill that would ensure slavery could not exist in any territory which might be acquired from Mexico. The text of the Wilmot Proviso was one sentence of fewer than 75 words: Provided, That as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any territory from the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither Slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said Territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall be first duly convicted. The House of Representatives debated the language in the Wilmot Proviso. The amendment passed and was added to the bill. The bill would have gone on to the Senate, but the Senate adjourned before it could be considered. When a new Congress convened, the House again approved the bill. Among those voting for it was Abraham Lincoln, who was serving his one term in Congress. This time Wilmots amendment, added to a spending bill, moved on to the Senate, where a firestorm broke out. Battles Over the Wilmot Proviso Southerners were deeply offended by the House of Representatives adopting the Wilmot Proviso, and newspapers in the South wrote editorials denouncing it. Some state legislatures passed resolutions denouncing it. Southerners considered it an insult to their way of life. It also raised Constitutional questions. Did the federal government possess the power to restrict slavery in new territories? The powerful senator from South Carolina, John C. Calhoun, who had challenged federal power years earlier in the Nullification Crisis, made forceful arguments on behalf of the slave states. Calhoun’s legal reasoning was that slavery was legal under the Constitution, and slaves were property, and the Constitution protected property rights. Therefore settlers from the South, if they moved to the West, should be able to bring their own property, even if the property happened to be slaves. In the North, the Wilmot Proviso became a rallying cry. Newspapers printed editorials praising it, and speeches were given in support of it. Continuing Effects of the Wilmot Proviso The increasingly bitter debate over whether slavery would be allowed to exist in the West continued through the late 1840s. For several years the Wilmot Proviso would be added to bills passed by the House of Representatives, but the Senate always refused to pass any legislation containing the language about slavery. The stubborn revivals of Wilmots amendment served a purpose as it kept the issue of slavery alive in Congress and thus before the American people. The issue of slavery in the territories acquired during the Mexican War was finally addressed early in 1850 in a series of Senate debates, which featured the legendary figures Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and Daniel Webster. A set of new bills, which would become known as the Compromise of 1850, was thought to have provided a solution. The issue, however, did not die completely. One response to the Wilmot Proviso was the concept of â€Å"popular sovereignty,† which was first proposed by a Michigan senator, Lewis Cass, in 1848. The idea that settlers in the state would decide the issue became a constant theme for Senator Stephen Douglas in the 1850s. In the 1848 president, the Free Soil party formed and embraced the Wilmot Proviso. The new party nominated a former president, Martin Van Buren, as its candidate. Van Buren lost the election, but it demonstrated that debates about restricting slavery would not fade away. The language introduced by Wilmot continued to influence anti-slavery sentiment which developed in the 1850s and helped lead to the creation of the Republican Party. And ultimately the debate over slavery could not be solved in the halls of Congress and was only settled by the Civil War.

Friday, May 15, 2020

Essay on Smoking Cigarettes - 1386 Words

Smoking, AKA Deaths Candy Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Smoking cigarettes can do very fatal damages human health (Bender 17). There are over fifty ways of making life miserable through smoking due to illnesses, and more than twenty ways of killing a person (â€Å"Action on Smoking and Health† 1). The probability that someone who smokes will develop a major complication in their health is one hundred percent; no matter what, it will happen (Bender 33). Smoking cigarettes or any other drug is the major cause of lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. These contributions can lead to other types of cancers, birth defects, and childhood respiratory illnesses (Bender 17-19). Along with these major health†¦show more content†¦These children are going to have a very high chance of developing respiratory problems such as asthma and continuous coughing before they reach the legal age to smoke, eighteen. They will also have a hard time participating on athletic teams because their lung capacity will be affected. Not to mention, they will have yellow teeth, body odor, and be at higher risk for using other drugs, such as alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine. The reason kids are influenced to start smoking so young is because of the advertisement all around the media (Overall Stats and Youth Smoking Facts 1-3). Kids who watch two to four hours of television per day are at a thirty-three percent higher risk for starting to smoke. Most advertisement for cigarettes is controlled in three states; New York, Illinois, and North Carolina. These states house the ten major factories that advertise for cigarettes. Instead of advertising all the major risks that smoking has, they focused most of their attractive ads on cigarettes that seemed less poisonous. First they had filter brands; these ads began to populate when cigarettes were at a decline due to the risk of cancer. As these filtered brands ads began to come into popularity all over television sets and magazines, smoking rates rose higher and higher by the day. After filter brands began to die out, quot;lightquot; brands began to escalate. This was very popular to people who might have quit because they thought theyShow MoreRelatedThe Smoking Of Cigarette Smoking855 Words   |  4 Pageschild as well. What a mother ingests is what her growin g fetus ingests through her umbilical cord; the life line from the mother to the precious innocent life she holds so dear. The goal of this paper is to give some insight on the use of cigarette smoking in pregnancy. Let’s begin with a short history of what was previously called Nicotiana. Today it is known to humans as Tobacco. Tobacco has been in existence prior to Pre-Columbian America (900 – 1500) when it was first discovered as an herbRead MoreSmoking Cigarettes791 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Smoking Cigarettes Should be Illegal Smoking cigarettes should be illegal due to the vast amount of annual deaths it causes. Smoking produces 10 times the amount of pollution that a diesel car exhaust would. This shows that not only are humans and animals affected by smoking, our environment is greatly damaged by the amount of pollution smoking creates. Smoking is something that people usually get addicted to, like a drug.This drug can cause many diseases such as lung cancer. Not only can itRead MoreThe Dangers Of Cigarette Smoking Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pages People smoke cigarettes for various reasons. Some smoke only when they are drinking alcohol and others smoke regularly. The level of smoking among the regular smokers varies from individual to individual. There are those who smoke a cigarette or two during the day and their others who smoke at least a pack a day. How people start to smoke varies. The main entry point however is peer pressure. Many smokers came to be introduced to the habit at a young age in either high school or in college or toRead MoreElectronic Cigarettes And Cigarette Smoking774 Words   |  4 PagesTobacco cigarette smoking includes various physical associations such as hand and mouth motions, suckling, and taking cigarette breaks (Oh Kacker, 2014). According to Patrounova, 2015, in comparison to other forms of nicotine replacement therapies, Electronic cigarettes satisfy smokers’ needs to fulfill certain smoking rituals. Electronic cigarettes may be able to quench certain urges and cravings due to its design, which can also assist in fulfilling the habitual dependence of smokers (PatrounovaRead MoreThe Dangers Of Smoking Cigarette Smoking Essay1627 Words   |  7 Pagesbecome popular around the globe, such as cigarette, cigar, e-cigarette, and chewing tobacco. The origin of the tobacco plant was in North and South America where the American Indian utilized tobacco for religious and medical purposes. Later on, many forms of tobacco have been created and harmful substances have been integrated in. After world war 1, the use of cigarette became significantly notorious. Several decades later in 1964, the hazards of smoking cigarette became known to the public (Boston universityRead MoreThe Death Of Cigarette Smoking Essay2110 Words   |  9 Pagespreventable cause of death and disease in the United States of America is Cigarette smoking. In America yearly, more than 480,000 deaths occur due to cigarette smoking; within those numbers more than 41,000 deaths are due to inhalation of second hand smoke. As we progress and advertisement for the serious complications of cigarette smoking continues to increase our world begins to show a decline in the amount of cigarette smokers. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention states that there hasRead MoreSmoking Vs Cigarette Smoking1802 Words   |  8 PagesSmoker vs. Non-Smoker: Evaluating The Effects of Cigarette Smoking Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. The use of tobacco products such as cigars, pipes, hookahs, bidis, and kreteks have proven to develop various health effects. It has been linked to the following medical conditions: †¢ Aortic aneurysms †¢ bronchitis †¢ cancer of the lip or mouth †¢ cancer of the stomach †¢ cancer of the urinary bladder †¢ cervical cancer †¢ emphysema †¢ esophagus (food pipe) †¢ heartRead MoreThe Dangers of Cigarette Smoking1040 Words   |  5 PagesCigarette smoking is a dangerous habit that most users regret starting on. Nowadays, smoking can cause health problems for any human. Whether or not cigarette smoking should be banned completely, has become an object of controversy in many countries. Some people think that smoking cigarettes are a helpful way to reduce stress for the moment. In my point of view, tobacco smoking has seriously negative effects such as smoking-related cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cancer and it costsRead MoreThe Dangers Of Smoking Cigarettes786 Words   |  4 PagesDangers of Smoking Cigarettes are everywhere. They’re sold in almost every gas station, pharmaceutical store, and even ordinary grocery stores in the United States. Cigarettes have endorsements from celebrities, big tobacco companies, advertised on billboards, and through commercials. Smoking is a problem because it causes diseases which cost billions of dollars a year in healthcare. It is also the leading cause of diseases and deaths in the US. Smoking cigarettes is an unhealthy habit that unfortunelyRead MoreEssay On Cigarette Smoking1268 Words   |  6 PagesCigarette smoking is something people all over the world have been doing for about 2000 years. Back in 2003, the first electronic cigarette was successfully created by a gentleman named Hon Lik. Lik was a 52 year old pharmacist at the time, whom of which was also a smoker. The inspiration behind making the electronic cigarette came after Lik’s father passed away from lung cancer due to him also being a heavy smoker. â€Å"A Hist orical Timeline of Electronic Cigarettes.† cassia.org. Consumer Advocates

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Horror and Figurative Language in The Tell Tale Heart

Horror and Figurative Language in The Tale-Tell Heart Dreadfully chilling, The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe is a horrific short story that introduces the reader to an utterly mad narrator who is driven to commit vile and heinous acts because of his unnatural obsession with his roommates, an old man, cataract eye. The narrators madness is revealed instantly, only to be substantiated when he devises a sinister plan to rid himself of the vulture eye forever. After seven nights of watching his prey sleep, the narrator strikes and coldheartedly murders the old man. A shriek calls the attention of a neighbor, who contacts the local authorities. The narrator, who is so overwhelmed with his own hubris, cheerily invites the three†¦show more content†¦This metaphor serves to create terror in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by conjuring up images of the dead and ghoulish. Rarely are ghosts and hauntings considered a good thing, and in this case Poe’s use of figurative language establishes a nightmarish tone related directl y to death. Not only does Poe bring into play an appalling metaphor in which he compares an idea to a vengeful spirit to make the story even more gruesome, he also uses another metaphor in which he compares the psychotic narrator to the Grim Reaper. In the metaphor, â€Å"All in vain; because Death, in approaching him had stalked with his black shadow before him and enveloped the victim,† (Poe, paragraph 1, page 357) the narrator compares himself to Death, or the Grim Reaper. In most cultures, the Grim Reaper is a creature who escorts souls of the dead to either Heaven or Hell. This helps to prove the narrator is completely unstable, as he believes it is his job, his duty, to murder the old man. It also shows the narrator is eager to do anything in his power to achieve his goal by killing the old man. Both nerve-racking metaphors work to compose a tense and upsetting tone in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart.† In addition to tremendously clever similes and metaphors, Poe uses a countless amount of shockingly ironic situations in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, effectively forming a hauntingly outlandish mood. A startling instance of Poe’s irony is introduced when he writes, â€Å"You should have seen how wisely IShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Edgar Allan Poes Writing Style Essay776 Words   |  4 PagesA virtuoso of suspense and horror, Edgar Allan Poe is known for his Gothic writing style. His style is created through his use of punctuation, sentence structure, word choice, tone, and figurative language. Punctuation-wise; dashes, exclamation marks, semicolons, and commas are a favorite of Poe. His sentences vary greatly; their structures are influenced by punctuation. Much of his word choice set the tone of his works. Figurative language colors his writings with description. Such is observed inRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes Writing Style598 Words   |  2 PagesMaster of suspense and horror, Edgar Allan Poe is known for his Gothic writing style, as demonstrated in two of his well-known short stories, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† His style is created by his use of punctuation, sentence structure, word choice, imagery, and tone. First off, punctuation-wise, dashes, exclamation marks, semicolons, and commas are a favorite of Poe. All this is shown in the first sentence of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, â€Å"True!—nervous—very, very dreadfully nervousRead MoreStyle Of Edgar Allan Poe881 Words   |  4 Pagesfact, Edgar Allan Poe, also known as the â€Å"Master of Horror†, is a well known author known for his style and the effect it has on his readers. Edgar Allan Poe is a poet and an author. He writes terrifying short stories and poems that can give the reader nightmares. For the same reason, his style is very gothic and ominous. He uses several literary devices that help create such creepy effects. In three of his most well-known works, â€Å"The Tell Ta le Heart,† â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† and â€Å"The Raven,† PoeRead MoreAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Great Gatsby 1416 Words   |  6 Pages as a narrator,can see things as symbols of their past, whilst a narrator in third person and the audience see it as a simple object. Going back to Hawthorne and Poe, they use the points of view to implement a dark mood. In the short story, â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart†, by Edgar Allan Poe himself, it states, . . . the noise arose over all and continually increased. It grew louder --louder --louder! And still the men chatted pleasantly, and smiled (Poe, 1980). In the text of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, by NathanielRead MoreAnalysis of Edgar Allan Poe ´s The Tell-Tale Heart605 Words   |  2 Pagesâ€Å"The Tell- Tale Heart†, written in 1843, is a simultaneous horror and mental story presented in a first- person perspective, in which Edgar Allan Poe, the author, portrays that the significant influence of inner guilty and fear on narrator’s insane. The author achieves this in the means of figurative languages, symbolism and the plot of the story. Through the whole story, there is no doubt that guilty plays a tremendously crucial role. It is obvious that symbolism is used for many times. To beginRead More Compare Contrast Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pages There are various things that make up a piece of literature. For example: choice of diction, modes of discourse, and figurative language. Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano were great examples of authors that used these elements of literature. There are similarities and differences in A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson and From Africa to America. Though Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano shared similarities in experiences, they had different writing personalitiesRead MoreCompare/Contrast Writers1706 Words   |  7 PagesThere are various things that make up a piece of literature. For example: choice of diction, modes of discourse, and figurative language. Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano were great examples of authors that used these elements of literature. There are similarities and differences in A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson and From Africa to America. Though Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano shared similarities in experiences, they had different writing personalitiesRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes Use of Descriptive Language in The Pit and the Pendulum1609 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poes Use of Descriptive Language in The Pit and the Pendulum Edgar Allan Poe has been known for writing stories of mystery and horror. He has composed poems dealing with the occult. He favors those themes and ideas that people shy away from, death, pain, suffering, torture, terror, and fear. His gothic stories burn fright into the hearts of the reader or leave them with a sense of remorse for Poes poor and unfortunate characters. Not many people have ever thought aboutRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Literary Analysis1489 Words   |  6 Pagesstole his joy and claimed that the angel envied their happiness. Poe was accused of rumors and scandals his whole life, afflicted with depression, pinned down by phobias and horrific fantasies, and his writing reflects the madness in every lover’s heart. (Harris 60) In many of Edgar Allen Poe’s writings, he used gothic elements to express his pain and revealed the darker side of human nature. Edgar Allan Poe wrote Annabel Lee in 1849, a couple months before he died, and the poem first showed upRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Tales Of Mystery And Horror2549 Words   |  11 PagesEdgar Allan Poe s tales of mystery and horror initiated the modern detective story, and the atmosphere in his tales of horror is unrivaled in American fiction. His The Raven (1845) numbers among the best-known poems in national literature, The name Poe brings to mind images of murderers as well as madmen, burials of the premature kind, and mysterious women who have return from death . His works have been in print since early 1827 and included such classics as â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† â€Å"The Raven,† and

Anorexi The Body And The Psyche Essay - 1604 Words

Anorexia is a kind of dietary issue, those who have an extraordinary dread of putting on weight. They seriously restrict the measure of what they eat and can turn out to be thin. Anorexia influences both the body and the psyche. Anorexia is an intense dietary issue, especially on the off chance that it is joined by co-happening psychiatric and addictive clutters. Like bulimia anxious and other dietary problems, anorexia is a medicinal malady that can bring about irreversible wellbeing complexities, including death. Anorexia is like other dietary issues those with anorexia fixate on calories and weight. The treatment for anorexia for the most part includes a blend of mental treatment and administered weight pick up. It s essential for a man or woman with anorexia to begin treatment right away, as it could be expected under the circumstances to decrease the danger of genuine inconveniences of anorexia, especially on the off chance that they ve effectively lost a great deal of weight. Anorexia: Starvation for Perfection Anorexia is a serious disease that has affected many people in today’s society. 10-15% of all Americans experience the ill effects of some kind of genuine dietary problem and one out of two-hundred women experience anorexia. Anorexia is a disease that has been occurring among people because of society s high standards. It is a serious emotional disorder that is characterized by the fanatical yearning to get in shape by neglecting to eat. In 1684

Making of Symbolic Interactionism Social World

Question: Discuss about the Making of Symbolic Interactionism Social World. Answer: Introduction: The sociological paradigms provide an insight into the understanding of the issues prevalent in the society as encountered through daily experiences or appropriate experiments and in this context Symbolic Interactionism is regarded as an important one. This paradigm may be applied in the social scenario to assess the real life situation corresponding to their implications. The census data for the Gold Coast published for the year 2011 showcases significant findings that a bulk of the population comprising of 7.4% are unemployed while approximately 7% of the population belonged to the age group of 20-29 years and therefore constitute the youth population. Appropriate authorities have revealed in reports that the city has been thwarted by social issues due to increase in the incidence of crime and violence among the youths. The young people are the most vulnerable to the detrimental effects of this due to dearth of social service facilities that might ameliorate the condition. Accordin g to the propositions of the symbolic interactionism, human behavior comprising of the interactions and communications is fostered by gestures, words and other symbols that have acquired conventional perceptions and meanings (Carl et al. 2011). The specific activities pertinent to individuals need to be studied and analyzed in depth in order to facilitate the maintenance of a congenial social environment conducive to the growth and emancipation of the individuals achieved through utilization of the specific resources. Change in the behavior of an individual due to alteration in the social setting often result in marked changes in the social structure (Rock 2016). Therefore the brimming problem concerning the youth may be addressed through this paradigm thereby suggesting suitable recommendations to tackle the situation. References Carl, J., Baker, S., Robards, B., Scott, J., Hillman, W. and Lawrence, G., 2011.Think sociology. Pearson Higher Education AU. Rock, P., 2016.Making of symbolic interactionism. Springer.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Comparison of Theoretical Orientation free essay sample

Comparison of Theoretical Orientation The two theories that I am choosing to compare and contrast in the situation given, is Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and William Glasser’s reality theory. William Glasser, M. D. , is the developer of Reality Therapy and Choice Therapy. Glasser developed a cause and effect theory that explains human behavior. He focuses on personal choice, personal responsibility and personal transformation. William Glasser has an approach on his theory that is very nontraditional.He does not believe that somebody can have a mental illness unless there is something organically wrong with the brain. He also believes that if somebody is considered to have a mental illness it needs to be confirmed by a pathologist. William Glasser also believes that genetically we are social creatures and need each other. That may very well be the cause of almost all psychological symptoms which is our inability to get along with the important and meaningful people in our lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Theoretical Orientation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sigmund Freud developed a theory to explain psychoanalytic and psychotherapist and much of his work comes from self-analysis.Sigmund Freuds work suggests that early experiences in ones life can shape and develop the way we behave as adults. Freud identified five stages within the first five years of life and he believes that our behavior patterns consist of three main elements which are the ID-this is the basic instincts present at birth, also known as the pleasure principle. The Ego-realistic acts within the mind and reality, this is also considered that the fence principal. The Super-Ego-this is the sense of conscious, our duty and responsibility, this is also known as the moral principle.Freud believed that when conflicts arose between these three parts it was those experiences from birth and early childhood that had the most impact on us as we became adults. Even though Freud never studied children and its fair to say some people have doubt about his theories, Freud developed his theories based on clinical experience with his patients and they were usually all women. Knowing that Freuds work was based on an assumption that personality is shaped and behavior is motivated by powerful inner forces can make it easy for one to misunderstand or misinterpret Freuds theory.